CA.SFU.FAS.UCC/Papers:1999-10

New Course Proposal - CMNS 354 Communication and Social Issues in Design

Bill Richards, Undergraduate Curriculum Committee Chair, School of Communication

September 9, 1999

Calendar Information

Course Number: CMNS 354

Course Title: Communication and Social Issues in Design

Credit Hours: 4 Vector: 2-2-2

Course Description

This course will explore social issues and values in designing technology, through a focus on both the objects and processes of design. Emphasis will be placed on communication between participants in the design process, and identification of social issues and values that influence design. Students will work in cross-disciplinary groups during labs. Lab exercises will emphasize making decisions that occur during the design process explicit, and making values that enter into design processes explicit.

Prerequisite: 60 credits, including any one of the following: CMNS 253, CMPT 275; KIN 201, KIN 205, or ENSC 100.

Corequisite: N/A

Special Instructions: N/A

Course(s) to be dropped if this course is approved: N/A

Rationale for Introduction of this Course

This course will be an elective course in Communication, Computing Science, Engineering Science and Kinesiology.

Scheduling and Registration Information

Indicate Semester and Year this course would be first offered and planned frequency of offering thereafter.

First semester to be offered: 2001-1. To be offered annually.

Which of your present CFL faculty have the expertise to offer this course? Will the course be taught by sessional or limited term faculty?

Ellen Balka. It is anticipated that the course would only be taught by a sessional instructor or limited term faculty member in the event of Balka being on study leave

Are there any proposed student fees associated with this course other than tuition fees?

No.

Is this course considered a `duplicate' of any current or prior course under the University's duplicate course policy? Specify, as appropriate.

No.

Resource Implications

Note: Senate has approved (S.93-11) that no new course should be approved by Senate until funding has been committed for necessary library materials. Each new course proposal must be accompanied by a library report and, if appropriate, confirmation that funding arrangements have been addressed.

Provide details on how existing instructional resources will be redistributed to accommodate this new course. For instance, will another course be eliminated or will the frequency of offering of other courses be reduced; are there changes in pedagogical style or class sizes that allow for this additional course offering.

Does the course require specialized space or equipment not readily available in the department or university, and if so, how will these resources be provided?

This course will utilize existing resources.

Does the course require specialized space or equipment not readily available in the department or university, and if so, how will these resources be provided?

Students in this course may require the use of personal computers. However, these are available in many locations on campus, as well as in the School of Communication's lab.

Course Outline

This course can be used as an upper division elective in Communication, and has been approved as an upper division elective in Computing Science, Engineering Science (as an approved complementary studies elective in the "OTHER" category), and Kinesiology.

It is recommended for:

Topics will include:

Required Texts:

  • Margolin, V. and Buchanan R., The Idea of Design: A Design Issues Reader. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995.
  • Balka, E. (ed.), Custom Course Reader and Lab Manual: Communication and Social Issues in Design, SFU Bookstore.
  • Highly Recommended:

  • Orr, J., Talking about Machines: An Ethnography of a Modern Job. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996.
  • Course Format:

    The course will consist of weekly 2-hour lectures, and 2-hour labs. Lectures will be used to introduce students to a range of topics. Labs will be used to give students practical experience addressing the topics introduced during lectures. Students will work together in small groups (ideally 3 students, though 4 may be permissible) during labs, and they will complete a variety of exercises designed to complement lecture topics.

    Assignment Structure:

    Students will be evaluated on a combination of individual and group assignments.

    Type of Assignment% of GradeApprox. Due Date
    Individual Assignments:
    In-Class Mid-Term Exam20%Week 6
    Lab Exercise10%Week 11
    Portion of Final Paper10%1 week after class
    Class and Lab Participation15%Ongoing
    Group Assignments:
    Design Brief20%Week 9
    Final Paper and Project25%1 week after last class

    The School expects that the grades awarded in this course will bear some reasonable relation to established university-wide practices with respect to both levels and distribution of grades. In addition, the School will follow Policy T10.02 with respect to "Intellectual Honesty" and "Academic Discipline" (see the current Calendar, General Regulations Section).

    Preliminary Description of Assignments:

    The objective of final papers and projects is to design or modify a technology. Students do not require previous experience, as the lab exercises and readings will lead them through the steps required to complete their final projects and related papers. All of the assignments are intended to assist students in completing their final projects and papers. Detailed instructions for completing the final projects and paper will be given to students at the beginning of the term.

    Mid-Term Exam:

    The in-class mid-term will encourage students to synthesize materials introduced in lectures, readings and labs. It should be viewed as an opportunity to demonstrate that you have kept up with assigned readings and attended labs and lectures regularly, as well as a creative exercise. It will consist of a few short answer questions, as well as one or two extended essay questions.

    Design Brief:

    Each week during the lab time students will be given one or more exercises to complete during lab time, in small groups. Part way through the semester, in their small groups, students will have to complete an extended lab exercise (a design brief), and submit it for evaluation. This assignment builds on work completed in all of the labs that preceded it.

    Lab Exercise:

    One of the lab exercises included in your lab manual consists of obtaining information about how a technology is used, from those people who use the technology. Your lab exercise will consist of collecting information from users about their use of a technology, and presenting what you have found. You will be given more guidance about methods you can use to obtain user information (e.g., direct observation, interviews, focus groups, etc.) in class and labs. Your lab manual will provide further detail about how to write up your lab exercise.

    Final Project and Paper:

    Working in small groups, students will invent, modify or design a technology. (Some lab time will be set aside for students working in groups to work on their projects.) Groups must submit a paper that provides a rationale for the invention, modification or design of the technology that the group has focussed on, and charts decisions made during the design process, including social and cultural aspects of design. In addition, each student must hand in an additional short paper that addresses how social, cultural and disciplinary issues were addressed in their group’s design process, and how material from assigned readings and lectures was incorporated into their group’s project.

    Class Participation:

    It is expected that students will attend both lectures and labs regularly, and will come to class prepared. Class participation will be based on contributions to lectures and labs.

    Weekly Lecture and Reading Schedule:

    WeekTopic, Readings and Labs (readings to be done before the week they are listed)
    Week 1Introduction to the course themes and requirements.
    Innovation and the design process.
    Lab: mapping from memory.
    Week 2Situating design in technology and society studies.
    Design as interdisciplinary communication.
    The use of representations in the design process.
    Readings:
  • M.Lie and K.Sorensen, "Making Technology Our Own? Domesticating Technology into Everyday Life", in M. Lie and K. Sorensen (eds.), Making Technology Our Own? Domesticating Technology into Everyday Life. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1996 (course reader).
  • D.Wood, "Maps Work by Serving Interests", in The Power of Maps. NY: Guilford Press, 1992 (course reader).
  • 1st Buchanan article, Arnheim article in The Idea of Design.
  • Lab: defining a problem.
    Week 3Design, users and use.
    Readings:
  • P.Greenhalgh, "The Progress of Captain Ludd", in P.Dormer (ed.), The Culture of Craft. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997 (course reader).
  • J.Orr, Chapters 1 and 9, in Talking About Machines (course reader).
  • Deforge and Margolin articles in The Idea of Design.
  • Lab: investigating needs.
    Week 4Situated work, skill and design.
    Readings:
  • J.Johnson, "Mixing Humans and Non-Humans Together: The Sociology of a Door Closer", in S.L. Star (ed.), Ecologies of Knowledge: Work and Practices in Science and Technology. Albany: SUNY Press, 1995 (course reader).
  • S.Kuhn, "Design for People at Work", and "Profile: Participatory Design", in T.Winograd (ed.), Bringing Design to Software. NY: ACM Press, 1996 (course reader).
  • K.Grint and S.Woolgar, "Configuring the User", in The Machine at Work: Technology, Work and Organization. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1997 (course reader).
  • Lab: establishing performance criteria.
    Week 5Social responsibility, ethics and design.
    Bias in design.
    Readings:
  • Findeli and Papanek articles in The Idea of Design.
  • B.Friedman and H.Nissenbaum, "Bias in Computer Systems", ACM Transactions on Information Systems, Vol. 14, No. 3, July 1996, pp. 330-347 (course reader).
  • Lab: writing design briefs.
    Week 6Mid-Term Exam.
    Readings:
  • Dilnot and Krippendorf articles in The Idea of Design.
  • Lab: how to build a prototype.
    Week 7The meaning of products.
    Readings:
  • Krampen, Tyler, Csikzentmihalyi and Balaram articles in The Idea of Design.
  • Lab: expanding your thinking.
    Week 8Design and culture.
    Readings:
  • Ghose, Fry, Hirano and Cheng articles in The Idea of Design.
  • Lab: develop ideas.
    Week 9Design, sex and gender.
    Readings:
  • Maldonado article in The Idea of Design.
  • N.Whiteley, "Feminist Perspectives", in Design for Society. London: Reaktion Books Ltd., 1993 (course reader).
  • P.Sparke (ed.), "Preface" and "Introduction", in As Long as It’s Pink: The Sexual Politics of Taste (1st edition). London: Pandora, 1995, pp. vii-12 (course reader).
  • N.Oddy, Bicycles (on reserve).
  • L.Wright, The Suit (on reserve).
  • Lab: test ideas.
    Week 10Green design.
    Readings:
  • Papenek?
  • N.Whiteley, Green Design (on reserve).
  • Lab: communicate solutions.
    Week 11Universal design.
    Readings:
  • Article from book re: universal design (course reader).
  • Lab: evaluate your process.
    Week 12Ergonomic design.
    Readings:
  • Dul and Weerdmeester, selections from Ergonomics for Beginners: A Quick Reference Guide. Bristol, PA: Taylor and Francis Ltd., 1993 (course reader).
  • Lab: implementation.
    Week 13Wrap-up.
    Readings:
  • Selle, Moles and Margolin articles in The Idea of Design.